聚丙烯酰胺廠家聚丙烯酰胺作(zuo)為潤滑劑(ji)、懸(xuan)浮劑(ji)、粘土穩定劑(ji)、驅油(you)劑(ji)、降失水(shui)劑(ji)和增稠劑(ji),在鉆井、酸化、壓裂、堵水(shui)、固(gu)井及(ji)二次采油(you)、三次采油(you)中得到了(le)廣(guang)泛(fan)應用,是(shi)一種極為重(zhong)要的油(you)田化學品。
聚丙烯酰胺廠家【聚丙(bing)烯酰胺】為(wei)(wei)白色粉(fen)末或者小(xiao)顆粒狀物,密度為(wei)(wei)1.32g/cm3(23度),玻(bo)璃化溫度為(wei)(wei)188度,軟化溫度近于210度,一般方法(fa)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)時含有(you)少量的(de)水,干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)時又會(hui)很快從環境中吸取水分(fen)(fen)(fen),用冷凍(dong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)法(fa)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)均(jun)聚物是(shi)白色松軟的(de)非結晶(jing)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti),但是(shi)當從溶液中沉淀并(bing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)后則為(wei)(wei)玻(bo)璃狀部分(fen)(fen)(fen)透明的(de)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti),完全干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)的(de)聚丙(bing)烯酰胺PAM是(shi)脆性的(de)白色固(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti),商(shang)品聚丙(bing)烯酰胺干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)通常是(shi)在適度的(de)條件下(xia)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)的(de),一般含水量為(wei)(wei)5%~15%,澆鑄在玻(bo)璃板上制備的(de)高分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)膜,則是(shi)透明、堅硬、易碎的(de)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)。聚丙(bing)烯酰胺聚丙(bing)烯酰胺是(shi)一種線型高分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)聚合(he)物,產(chan)品主要分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)粉(fen)和膠體(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)種形式。按其平均(jun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)低分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(<100 萬(wan))、中分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(200~400 萬(wan))和高分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(>700萬(wan))三類(lei)。
聚丙烯酰胺按其(qi)結構又可分(fen)為非離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型、陰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型和陽(yang)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型。陰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型多(duo)為PAM 的(de)(de)水(shui)解體(ti)(HPAM)。聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)的(de)(de)主鏈上帶有(you)大(da)量的(de)(de)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)基,化學活(huo)性很(hen)高(gao)(gao),可以改性制取許多(duo)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)的(de)(de)衍生物(wu),產(chan)品已廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)造紙、選(xuan)(xuan)礦(kuang)、采油(you)、冶金、建材、污(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)等行(xing)業(ye)。 聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鏈所帶的(de)(de) 電荷(electric charge)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(單位:g/cm3或kg/m3)。離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de) 選(xuan)(xuan)擇往(wang)往(wang)會(hui)決定污(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)脫(tuo)水(shui)效果(guo)(guo)。不(bu)同行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)生污(wu)水(shui) 污(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)不(bu)一(yi)樣,因此所選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de) 聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)也(ye)不(bu)一(yi)樣。離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)過(guo)低(di),污(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)絮(xu)團(tuan)不(bu)夠(gou)緊(jin)密,如(ru)果(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)過(guo)高(gao)(gao),則(ze)污(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)絮(xu)團(tuan)會(hui)有(you)過(guo)量電荷而排斥。比如(ru)城市污(wu)水(shui)應為有(you)機物(wu)高(gao)(gao),常選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an),50度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),60度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)效果(guo)(guo)較佳。造紙廠則(ze)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)20度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) ,30度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)就(jiu)可以。此外(wai)脫(tuo)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)設備(bei)(shèbèi)往(wang)往(wang)也(ye)會(hui)對聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)有(you)所要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),脫(tuo)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)離(li)(li)心機比壓濾(lv)機對離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)稍高(gao)(gao)。 污(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)廠壓泥(ni)(ni)(ni)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量大(da)不(bu)意味著(zhu)性能(neng)(neng)就(jiu)好,分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量小也(ye)不(bu)意味著(zhu)性能(neng)(neng)就(jiu)差,主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)還(huan)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)看用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途,如(ru)果(guo)(guo)在(zai)污(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)領域用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來脫(tuo)泥(ni)(ni)(ni),還(huan)得結合脫(tuo)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)設備(bei)和污(wu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)性質,如(ru)果(guo)(guo)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)傳統的(de)(de) 履帶式壓濾(lv)機,分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量很(hen)高(gao)(gao)可能(neng)(neng)會(hui)導致(zhi)(cause)濾(lv)布阻塞,脫(tuo)水(shui)性差等問(wen)題(Emerson),影響(influence)脫(tuo)水(shui)效果(guo)(guo),一(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)30-40度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an);如(ru)果(guo)(guo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)離(li)(li)心式脫(tuo)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)機,因其(qi)工作原(yuan)理(li)不(bu)同,分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)高(gao)(gao)一(yi)點(dian),要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)產(chan)生的(de)(de) 絮(xu)團(tuan)能(neng)(neng)盡量耐(nai)剪切,也(ye)可以理(li)解為絮(xu)團(tuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)足夠(gou)結實,所以要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)擇分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量在(zai)50度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)以上的(de)(de) 產(chan)品。